Converts double to integer values.
Syntax
Word( <nDouble> ) --> <nInteger>
Arguments
<nDouble> is a numeric double value.
Returns
Word() return an integer in the range +-32767
Description
This function converts double values to integers to use within the CALL command
Compliance
The CA-Cl*pper NG states that Word() will only work when used in CALL commands parameter list, otherwise it will return NIL, in Harbour it will work anywhere.
Files
Library is core
Seealso
CALL
CALL*
Execute a C or Assembler procedure
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Syntax
CALL <idProcedure> [WITH <exp list>]
Arguments
<idProcedure> is the name of the external procedure to CALL.
WITH <exp list> is an optional list of up to seven expressions of
any data type to pass to the external procedure.
Description
CALL executes a separately compiled or assembled procedure. The
procedure must be defined as FAR and end with a FAR return instruction.
Place parameters on the stack using the C parameter passing convention.
Each parameter consists of a FAR (four-byte) pointer to the actual
parameter value. When necessary you may use the WORD() function to pass
a two-byte binary value in the WITH expression. The DX:BX and ES:BX
registers also contain a copy of the first four bytes of parameter
information.
The procedure must preserve the BP, SS, SI, DI, ES, and DS registers as
well as clear the direction flag.
CALL is a compatibility command and therefore not recommended. It is
superseded by the Extend system which provides functions for passing
data to and from Clipper.
Notes
. Character strings: Pass a character argument as a FAR pointer
to a null-terminated string (a string with a 00 hex byte at the end).
. Numeric values: Pass each numeric argument as a FAR pointer
to an eight-byte IEEE floating point value. To pass a parameter as
an integer, use the WORD() function. The WORD() function converts
the numeric value to a two-byte binary integer, and passes the
integer value directly rather than through a pointer. Note that
WORD() will not work for values outside of the #32,767 range since
these values cannot be accurately represented as two-byte integers.
. Date values: Pass each date argument as a FAR pointer to a
four-byte (long) integer containing a Julian day number.
. Logical values: Pass each logical argument as a FAR pointer
to a two-byte binary integer containing zero for false (.F.) and one
for true (.T.) .
. Compiling and linking: CALLed programs must conform to the
following rules:
- Procedures must be in INTEL 8086 relocatable object file
format with the .OBJ file extension.
- Procedures must follow the C calling and parameter passing
conventions.
- Procedures must be available to the linker at link time, along
with the library of the source compiler. You will need runtime
support for any language other than assembly language. See your
compiler manual for further information.
. Screen position: When using a CALL statement to access a C or
Assembler routine, the cursor is set to the current screen position
within the C or Assembler routine.
. Microsoft C: Microsoft C versions 5.0 and above place a
leading underscore on function names when they are compiled. To call
them, therefore, you must CALL _<function>.
. dBASE III PLUS: To convert a dBASE III PLUS load module to a
Clipper-compatible module, add the following statements to your
.asm file:
PUBLIC <proc>
and
push ds
mov ds, dx
Warning! Modifying the parameter values may produce incorrect or
unexpected results and, therefore, is strongly discouraged.
Files Library is CLIPPER.LIB.
See Also: WORD()*
?|?? Display one or more values to the console @...BOX Draw a box on the screen @...CLEAR Clear a rectangular region of the screen @...GET Create a new Get object and display it @...PROMPT Paint a menu item and define a message @...SAY Display data at a specified screen or printer row and column @...TO Draw a single- or double-line box ACCEPT* Place keyboard input into a memory variable APPEND BLANK Add a new record to the current database file APPEND FROM Import records from a database (.dbf) file or ASCII text file AVERAGE Average numeric expressions in the current work area CALL* Execute a C or Assembler procedure CANCEL* Terminate program processing CLEAR ALL* Close files and release public and private variables CLEAR GETS Release Get objects from the current GetList array CLEAR MEMORY Release all public and private variables CLEAR SCREEN Clear the screen and return the cursor home CLEAR TYPEAHEAD Empty the keyboard buffer CLOSE Close a specific set of files COMMIT Perform a solid-disk write for all active work areas CONTINUE Resume a pending LOCATE COPY FILE Copy a file to a new file or to a device COPY STRUCTURE Copy the current .dbf structure to a new database (.dbf) file COPY STRU EXTE Copy field definitions to a .dbf file COPY TO Export records to a database (.dbf) file or ASCII text file COUNT Tally records to a variable CREATE Create an empty structure extended (.dbf) file CREATE FROM Create a new .dbf file from a structure extended file DELETE Mark records for deletion DELETE FILE Remove a file from disk DELETE TAG Delete a tag DIR* Display a listing of files from a specified path DISPLAY Display records to the console EJECT Advance the printhead to top of form ERASE Remove a file from disk FIND* Search an index for a specified key value GO Move the pointer to the specified identity INDEX Create an index file INPUT* Enter the result of an expression into a variable JOIN Create a new database file by merging from two work areas KEYBOARD Stuff a string into the keyboard buffer LABEL FORM Display labels to the console LIST List records to the console LOCATE Search sequentially for a record matching a condition MENU TO Execute a lightbar menu for defined PROMPTs NOTE* Place a single-line comment in a program file PACK Remove deleted records from a database file QUIT Terminate program processing READ Activate full-screen editing mode using Get objects RECALL Restore records marked for deletion REINDEX Rebuild open indexes in the current work area RELEASE Delete public and private memory variables RENAME Change the name of a file REPLACE Assign new values to field variables REPORT FORM Display a report to the console RESTORE Retrieve memory variables from a memory (.mem) file RESTORE SCREEN* Display a saved screen RUN Execute a DOS command or program SAVE Save variables to a memory (.mem) file SAVE SCREEN* Save the current screen to a buffer or variable SEEK Search an order for a specified key value SELECT Change the current work area SET ALTERNATE Echo console output to a text file SET BELL Toggle sounding of the bell during full-screen operations SET CENTURY Modify the date format to include or omit century digits SET COLOR* Define screen colors SET CONFIRM Toggle required exit key to terminate GETs SET CONSOLE Toggle console display to the screen SET CURSOR Toggle the screen cursor on or off SET DATE Set the date format for input and display SET DECIMALS Set the number of decimal places to be displayed SET DEFAULT Set the CA-Clipper default drive and directory SET DELETED Toggle filtering of deleted records SET DELIMITERS Toggle or define GET delimiters SET DESCENDING Change the descending flag of the controlling order SET DEVICE Direct @...SAYs to the screen or printer SET EPOCH Control the interpretation of dates with no century digits SET ESCAPE Toggle Esc as a READ exit key SET EXACT* Toggle exact matches for character strings SET EXCLUSIVE* Establish shared or exclusive USE of database files SET FILTER Hide records not meeting a condition SET FIXED Toggle fixing of the number of decimal digits displayed SET FORMAT* Activate a format when READ is executed SET FUNCTION Assign a character string to a function key SET INDEX Open one or more order bags in the current work area SET INTENSITY Toggle enhanced display of GETs and PROMPTs SET KEY Assign a procedure invocation to a key SET MARGIN Set the page offset for all printed output SET MEMOBLOCK Change the block size for memo files SET MESSAGE Set the @...PROMPT message line row SET OPTIMIZE Change the setting that optimizes using open orders SET ORDER Select the controlling order SET PATH Specify the CA-Clipper search path for opening files SET PRINTER Toggle echo of output to printer or set the print destination SET PROCEDURE* Compile procedures and functions into the current object file SET RELATION Relate two work areas by a key value or record number SET SCOPE Change the boundaries for scoping keys in controlling order SET SCOPEBOTTOM Change bottom boundary for scoping keys in controlling order SET SCOPETOP Change top boundary for scoping keys in controlling order SET SCOREBOARD Toggle the message display from READ or MEMOEDIT() SET SOFTSEEK Toggle relative seeking SET TYPEAHEAD Set the size of the keyboard buffer SET UNIQUE* Toggle inclusion of non-unique keys into an index SET WRAP* Toggle wrapping of the highlight in menus SKIP Move the record pointer to a new position SORT Copy to a database (.dbf) file in sorted order STORE* Assign a value to one or more variables SUM Sum numeric expressions and assign results to variables TEXT* Display a literal block of text TOTAL Summarize records by key value to a database (.dbf) file TYPE Display the contents of a text file UNLOCK Release file/record locks set by the current user UPDATE Update current database file from another database file USE Open an existing database (.dbf) and its associated files WAIT* Suspend program processing until a key is pressed ZAP Remove all records from the current database file
Execute a C or Assembler procedure
CALL <idProcedure> [WITH <exp list>]
Terminate program processing
CANCEL* | QUIT
Call a procedure
DO <idProcedure> [WITH <argument list>]
Terminate program processing
QUIT | CANCEL*
Execute a DOS command or program
RUN | !* <xcCommandLine>
Assign a procedure invocation to a key
SET KEY <nInkeyCode> TO [<idProcedure>]
Compile procedures/functions into the current .OBJ file
SET PROCEDURE TO [<idProgramFile>[.<ext>]]
Suspend program processing until a key is pressed
WAIT [<expPrompt>] [TO <idVar>]
Declare a module identifier
ANNOUNCE <idModule>
Define a sequence of statements for a BREAK
BEGIN SEQUENCE
<statements>...
[BREAK [<exp>]]
<statements>...
[RECOVER [USING <idVar>]]
<statements>...
END [SEQUENCE]
Execute one of several alternative blocks of statements
DO CASE
CASE <lCondition1>
<statements>...
[CASE <lCondition2>]
<statements>...
[OTHERWISE]
<statements>...
END[CASE]
Execute a loop while a condition is true (.T.)
[DO] WHILE <lCondition>
<statements>...
[EXIT]
<statements>...
[LOOP]
<statements>...
END[DO]
Declare an exit procedure
EXIT PROCEDURE <idProcedure>
[FIELD <idField list> [IN <idAlias>]]
[LOCAL <identifier> [[:= <initializer>]]]
[MEMVAR <identifer list>]
.
. <executable statements>
.
[RETURN]
Declare a list of procedure or user-defined function names
EXTERNAL <idProcedure list>
Execute a block of statements a specified number of times
FOR <idCounter> := <nStart> TO <nEnd> [STEP <nIncrement>]
<statements>...
[EXIT]
<statements>...
[LOOP]
NEXT
Declare a user-defined function name and formal parameters
[STATIC] FUNCTION <idFunction>[(<idParam list>)]
[LOCAL <identifier> [[:= <initializer>], ... ]]
[STATIC <identifier> [[:= <initializer>], ... ]]
[FIELD <identifier list> [IN <idAlias>]]
[MEMVAR <identifier list>]
.
. <executable statements>
.
RETURN <exp>
Execute one of several alternative blocks of statements
IF <lCondition1>
<statements>...
[ELSEIF <lCondition2>]
<statements>...
[ELSE]
<statements>...
END[IF]
Declare an initialization procedure
INIT PROCEDURE <idProcedure> [(<idParam list>)]
[FIELD <idField list> [IN <idAlias>]]
[LOCAL <identifier> [[:= <initializer>]]]
[MEMVAR <identifer list>]
.
. <executable statements>
.
[RETURN]
Place a single-line comment in a program file
NOTE This is a comment line
Create private parameter variables
PARAMETERS <idPrivate list>
Declare a procedure name and formal parameters
[STATIC] PROCEDURE <idProcedure> [(<idParam list>)]
[FIELD <idField list> [IN <idAlias>]
[LOCAL <identifier> [[:= <initializer>], ... ]]
[MEMVAR <identifier list>]
[STATIC <identifier> [[:= <initializer>], ... ]]
.
. <executable statements>
.
[RETURN]
Declare a module request list
REQUEST <idModule list>
Terminate a procedure, user-defined function or program
RETURN [<exp>]
Branch out of a BEGIN SEQUENCE…END construct
BREAK(<exp>) --> NIL
Evaluate a code block
EVAL(<bBlock>, [<BlockArg list>]) --> LastBlockValue
Return the result of an expression based on a condition
[I]IF(<lCondition>, <expTrue>, <expFalse>) --> Value
Determine the position of the last actual parameter passed
PCOUNT() --> nLastArgumentPos
Assign an action block to a key
SETKEY(<nInkeyCode>, [<bAction>]) --> bCurrentAction
Toggle Alt-C and Ctrl-Break as program termination keys
SETCANCEL([<lToggle>]) --> lCurrentSetting
Convert CALL command numeric parameters from double to int
WORD(<nNumber>) --> NIL
